Nurkomariyah, Siti (2017) Formulasi kebijakan sertifikasi legalitas kayu untuk meningkatkan daya saing furnitur kayu di pasar internasional. Masters thesis, Institut Pertanian Bogor.
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Abstract
Furniture industry is an industry that has an important role for the national economy. As a labour intensive industry, furniture industry absorbs a lot of manpower that contribute to GDP and foreign reserves from non-oil mining sector. The Ministry of Industry established the furniture industry as one of the top priority industries to be developed. In the last decade the performance of wooden furniture exports has decreased. Though in 2006 its export value was US$1.19 billion to US$1.34 billion in 2015. But the export volume from 594 million tons in 2006 fell to 434 million tons in 2015. In the midst of a declining export performance, the wooden furniture industry is also burdened with the obligation to implement Timber Legality Assurance System (SVLK). This regulation is stipulated by the government through the Ministerial Regulation of Forestry (Permenhut) number P.38/Menhut-II /2009. The forest law enforcement, governance, and trade-voluntary partnership agreement (FLEGT-VPA) with the European Union (EU) is the legal basis for establishing SVLK as mandatory for all timber-based forest industries. Certification of timber legality and v-legal are the requirements for export of timber products. After seven years of its enactment, this policy has not been fully implemented by wooden furniture industry, especially small and medium industries (SMEs). Thus, evaluation of SVLK performance needs to be conducted in order to determine its effectiveness and to formulate a policy recommendation to make this regulation more applicable and able to improve the competitiveness of Indonesian wooden processing industry in global market. Research objectives are as follow: 1) analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian wooden furniture and to compare it with other major competitors; 2) analyze the cost and benefits of SVLK implementation for the wooden furniture industry; And 3) formulate a timber legality certification policy in order to improve the competitiveness of Indonesian wooden furniture in the global markets. Analyzing competitiveness is important to be done in order to find out the competitiveness and growth rate of Indonesian wooden furniture products in the international market. Comparative advantage is analyzed by a method of revealed comparative advantage (RCA). Moreover, the development of wooden furniture market position was analyzed by a method of export product dynamic (EPD). These analyses were conducted in time series in 2006-2015. While, the effectiveness of SVLK implementation is analyzed by calculating the benefit cost ratio (B/C ratio) on three industrial sized, which are: small, medium, and large sized industries. The evaluation of SVLK performance is done through gap analysis and importance-performance analysis (IPA); therefore it can be inferred which variable shall be the priority to be improved on its performance. The results of the analysis are then synthesized and become a reference for formulating a timber legality certification policy to improve the competitiveness of wooden furniture in the global market. RCA index shows that Indonesia has a comparative advantage over the world average. The most competitiveness is in EU and US market with RCA> 4. However, generally in last decades Indonesian wooden furniture’s competitiveness has declined. The RCA Index in 2006 was 2.97 to 2.26 in 2015, while a significant declining occurred during a global economic crisis in 2009 and 2011. Indonesia's wooden furniture competitiveness is lower than China, Vietnam, and Malaysia. However, Indonesia's competitiveness in the EU market is higher than the competitors. Furthermore, the competitiveness of Indonesian wooden furniture in US, Japanese, and Australian markets tend to fall and lower than its competitors. This shows that SVLK has not been able to improve the competitiveness of Indonesian wooden furniture in the international market. The position of EPD in 2015 is in the “falling star quadrant”, which means that wooden furniture is a product with a high business strength but low in market appeal. Certification of furniture products has not been able to transform wooden furniture as a dynamic product and as a “rising star quadrant”. Cost and benefit analysis shows that small and medium industries gain less benefits of SVLK implementation compared to large sized industries. While estimated costs incurred by the wooden furniture industry to implement the timber legality system are worth IDR46.4-508.4 million. Moreover, for SMEs, the largest cost components are the cost for conducting certification and surveillance activities. Based on gap analysis, 90.6% from thirty two variables have negative gap, meaning that SVLK performance is not yet in accordance with industry expectation. The IPA analysis shows that there are sixteen variables as priority to be fixed and three variables that are over-performing. Based on the result of the analysis, the formulations of timber legality certification policy to improve wooden furniture competitiveness in the global market are: 1) lowering the cost of certification and surveillance; 2) SVLK shall applies the special mandatory for the EU market only; and 3) Improving the legitimacy and acceptance of SVLK in the international market.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | B/C ratio, dayasaing, formulasi kebijakan, furnitur kayu, mandatory, SVLK. B/C ratio, competitiveness, mandatory, policy formulation, SVLK, wood furniture. |
| Subjects: | Manajemen Keuangan |
| Depositing User: | SB-IPB Library |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Feb 2018 04:09 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Oct 2019 02:18 |
| URI: | http://repository.sb.ipb.ac.id/id/eprint/3004 |
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