Irhamahayati, . (2019) Konflik generasi, lingkungan kerja dan literasi teknologi informasi dan komunikasi pegawai milenial; studi kasus di badan pengawas obat dan makanan. Doctoral thesis, Institut Pertanian Bogor.
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Abstract
Today’s demographics of the National Agency for Drug and Food Control (NADFC) employees are dominating by millennial, where in the year 2017 around 41% of employees are millennials, and the rest are baby boomers (15%), and generation-X (44%). Millennial is a generation that is broadly exposed to information technology and has a high level of information and communication technology (ICT) literacy, thus they are becoming a reliable group helping organization facing the digital challenges. Each generation has different characters so that needs different work environments and different human resources management (HRM) models. Many private sectors have accommodated the adjustment, but government sectors are still left behind. This research is aimed to examine issues related to the millennial in the multi-generational workforce in government sectors. There are three main issues have studied including generational conflict, work environment and information and communication technology (ICT) literacy. First, the aim is to study the differences in generations that lead to conflict in the workplace between millennials and non-millennials (baby boomers and generation-X) and its effect on employee performance. Second, this study is also aimed to analyse millennial's preferred work environments combining with the public sector organization characters, and its effect on the performance. Third, this study is aimed to reveal the situational figure of ICT literacy and its effect on the performance. Qualitative data were collected through interviews and separated focus group discussions (FGDs) within millennial and non-millennial groups of cohort. Total 9 millennials and 7 non-millennials were involved in FGDs, as well as 9 interviewees from the two groups of cohort paticipated in the in-depth interview process. Quantitative data were collected by survey using paper-based questionnaires distributed to millennial population (born in the year 1982-2000) employment at BPOM with 2 years of minimal tenure, from seven offices selected purposively, located at Jakarta, Surabaya, Pangkalpinang, Makassar, Samarinda, Palu, and Banda Aceh, where 210 respondents participated in filling out the written-based questionnaire. The questionnaire contains the statement of agreement on the issues we investigated. The conflict was measured by using indicators derived from four different themes, namely: communication, views on the work-values / ethics, views on rules and authority/hierarchy, and use of technology. The work environment was measured using millennial's preferences combining with the nature of government organization including work-life balance, flexibility, work challenges, the opportunity for development, ICT facility, policy, and management support. ICT Literacy was measured using indicators of knowledge, skills and utilization of ICT devices such as computers, cellular phones and the internet. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are used to discuss findings. Empirical data showed that generational conflicts occured mainly concerning gaps in technology mastery. Overall, conflict had no significant effect on performance, but the relationship of various levels of conflict to various levels of performance proved that moderate to high level conflict was significantly related to performance. This means that the high level of conflict needs to be watched out for interfering performance achievement. The study found that the major aspects of work environments favoured by millennial were opportunities for development, work policies, work-life balance, and management support. The results proved that work-life balance was the aspect that gives significant contribution to the work environment, while the assessment of current conditions showed it had the lowest value. Thus, management needs to concern more on work-life balance in the effort to gain performance. Work environment also has a big influence to employee motivation, where the dominant factors were mastery, growth and recognition. The ICT literacy assessment showed that there was a significant difference between employees who have been working at the head office (Jakarta) and employees who have been working at branch offices. The highest ICT literacy was in the "skill" aspect and the lowest was in the "utilization" aspect. The best literacy was “the use of cellphones”, “the knowing of cellphone”, and “the knowing of the Internet”. In general, ICT literacy was not a factor forming performance. This could be associated with the poor usage of ICTs so that its impact on the performance has not met expectation yet. It is recommended for further research to explore the work-life balance and flexible working in government organization so that we can provide more concrete solutions for overcoming the work environment problems. Regarding the low contribution of ICT literacy in shaping performance in this current digital era, it is recommended conducting the same study at government agencies has been using ICT in their business more intensively.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | kinerja, konflik generasi, lingkungan kerja, literasi TIK, organisasi pemerintah, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), isu Milenaial, focus group discussion, FGD, generational conflict, government organization, ICT literacy, performance, work environment. 11dmk19ii |
| Subjects: | Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia |
| Divisions: | Sekolah Bisnis > Unit Laboratorium Komputer |
| Depositing User: | SB-IPB Library |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Dec 2019 03:09 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Dec 2019 03:24 |
| URI: | http://repository.sb.ipb.ac.id/id/eprint/3441 |
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